Guides
146 articles found
Formwork Plywood Design Basics: Concrete Pressure, Panel Deflection & Tie Spacing
Formwork plywood design comes down to three things the panel spec answers to: fresh concrete lateral pressure,…
When to Remove Concrete Formwork: Stripping Times by Element
When to remove concrete formwork, element by element: you strip a strength, not a calendar day. Indicative time windows…
Concrete Discoloration: Why It Happens and Whether You Should Worry
Concrete discoloration is uneven surface color — blotches, dark spots, leopard spots. On new concrete it is usually…
Concrete Scaling: Causes, Severity Levels, and How to Prevent It
Concrete scaling is the flaking or peeling of the hardened surface mortar, driven mainly by freeze-thaw and de-icing…
Concrete Pitting: Causes, Prevention & When It Signals a Real Problem
Concrete pitting is a scatter of small surface craters, driven mostly by the mix, finishing, de-icing salt and trapped…
Concrete Crazing: What Those Fine Surface Cracks Mean (and What They Don't)
Concrete crazing is a fine, shallow web of map or alligator cracks on a concrete surface. It is cosmetic, not…
Concrete Blistering: Causes, Prevention, Repair — and Where Formwork Actually Fits
Concrete blistering is hollow surface bumps on a troweled slab, caused by sealing the surface too early over rising…
Concrete Delamination: Why the Surface Separates and Where Forming Fits In
Concrete delamination is a thin troweled top layer separating from sound concrete below, usually because the surface was…
Concrete Pop-Outs: Causes, Prevention, and the Form-Face Connection
Concrete pop-outs are small cone-shaped craters left when a reactive aggregate particle near the surface fractures the…
Concrete Efflorescence: What the White Residue Means and How to Handle It
Efflorescence is the white residue that soluble salts leave on concrete when moisture carries them to the surface and…
Concrete Dusting: Why Slab Surfaces Go Powdery and How to Stop It
Concrete dusting is a weak, powdery surface layer that rubs off under traffic. It comes from bleed-water finishing, poor…
Concrete Cold Joints: Causes, Prevention & When They Matter
A concrete cold joint forms when a pour delay lets one lift set before the next is placed, so the two never bond. It is…